UK Income Tax Calculator 2024-25
Calculate take-home pay, income tax & National Insurance
Student Loan Plan
Personal Allowance: £12,570 | Basic Rate: 20% up to £50,270 | Higher Rate: 40% up to £125,140 | Additional Rate: 45% above.
Take-Home Pay
| Gross Salary | £35,000 |
| − Pension (5%) | −£1,750 |
| Adjusted Income | £33,250 |
| Personal Allowance | £12,570 |
| − Income Tax | −£4,136 |
| − National Insurance | −£1,654 |
| Take-Home Pay | £27,460 |
| Effective deduction rate | 21.5% |
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Frequently Asked Questions
What are the UK income tax rates for 2024-25?
For England, Wales and Northern Ireland in 2024-25: Personal Allowance £12,570 (0%), Basic Rate 20% on £12,571–£50,270, Higher Rate 40% on £50,271–£125,140, Additional Rate 45% above £125,140. The personal allowance reduces by £1 for every £2 earned above £100,000.
How is National Insurance calculated in the UK?
For 2024-25, employees pay 8% NI on earnings between £12,570 and £50,270, and 2% on earnings above £50,270. NI is calculated on your gross salary (before pension contributions). The lower earnings limit is £6,396 and the primary threshold is £12,570.
What is the personal allowance for 2024-25?
The standard personal allowance is £12,570 for 2024-25. It has been frozen at this level since April 2021. If your adjusted net income exceeds £100,000, the allowance reduces by £1 for every £2 above that threshold, reaching zero at £125,140.
How do student loan repayments work in the UK?
Repayments are income-contingent: Plan 1 — 9% above £22,015; Plan 2 — 9% above £27,295; Plan 4 (Scotland) — 9% above £27,660; Postgraduate Loan — 6% above £21,000. Repayments are deducted automatically via payroll alongside tax and NI.