VAT Calculator
Add or remove VAT instantly · UK, EU & custom rates
Currency
Calculation Mode
Enter the net (ex-VAT) amount below.
Amount
VAT Rate
Results
| Component | Amount | % of Gross |
|---|---|---|
| Net (excl. VAT) | £100.00 | 83.33% |
| VAT (20%) | £20.00 | 16.67% |
| Gross Total | £120.00 | 100% |
Related Financial Tools
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I calculate VAT?
To add VAT: multiply the net price by (1 + VAT rate ÷ 100). Example: £100 × 1.20 = £120 gross at 20% VAT.
To remove VAT: divide the gross price by (1 + VAT rate ÷ 100). Example: £120 ÷ 1.20 = £100 net.
What is the standard VAT rate in the UK?
The UK standard rate is 20%. A reduced rate of 5% applies to domestic fuel and children’s car seats. Food, books, and children’s clothing are zero-rated.
What is the difference between VAT inclusive and VAT exclusive prices?
VAT exclusive (net) is the price before VAT — what businesses typically quote B2B. VAT inclusive (gross) is the final price consumers pay at retail.
What are common EU VAT rates?
Standard EU rates vary by country: Germany 19%, France 20%, Italy 22%, Spain 21%, Netherlands 21%, Ireland 23%. Most countries apply reduced rates (5-13%) to essentials like food and medicines.